IPB Discover How Making Biodiesel from Waste Liquid Animal

IPB Discover How Making Biodiesel from Waste Liquid Animal


Bio Fuel Biodiesel can be obtained in liquid waste containment of slaughterhouses and livestock wastewater. Researchers from the Bogor Agricultural Institute to prove it. They can obtain one liter of biodiesel crude oil per day from an average of 156 per square meter of area shelters.

Biodiesel is derived from microalgae, says Prof. Suprihatin, senior researcher at the Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), in his office in Bogor, West Java.

Microalgae is a phytoplankton. Microalgae easily found in various waters. Various types of microalgae widely studied because fotosintesisnya ranks highest efficiency and the ability to produce oil (lipid) is high enough anyway.

Microalgae biomass formation process requires a nutrient (nutrients). These nutrients as fertilizer for plants. An abundance of nutrients can be obtained from slaughterhouse waste and animal husbandry.
"In principle, in any waters provided that absorb sunlight and contain enough nutrients can be grown microalgae," he said.

According to him, domestic waste from households in urban and water from agricultural land also contains many nutrients that are good for breed microalgae.
Quick harvest

Microalgae grow quite fast so it can quickly harvest biodiesel. From research Suprihatin and his colleagues, obtained three types of dominant microalgae grown in medium wastewater from the abattoir and farm. All three were Chlorella sp, Scenedesmus sp, and Ankistrodesmus sp.

"Microalgae began to flourish after the fourth day. Then enter the death phase after 12 days to 15 days, "said Suprihatin.

Suprihatin measure the concentration of the growth of microalgae biomass. In the medium waste from slaughterhouses found growing phase 400 milligrams per liter to the optimum to 1930 milligrams per liter.

In cattle waste medium, the initial concentration of microalgae measured 190 milligrams per liter and is able to develop the optimum up to 2130 milligrams per liter.

Productivity of microalgae was an average of 160 milligrams per liter per day for the media slaughterhouse waste. Then 130 milligrams per liter per day for livestock wastewater media.

For the record, microalgae are grown in ponds reservoirs with a depth of 0.2 meters.
According Suprihatin, the productivity of microalgae in the medium slaughterhouse waste to 32 grams per square meter per day. As for the medium farm wastes obtained the average productivity of microalgae by 26 grams per square meter per day. The allowance for the nutrient phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) of growing medium each about 0.32 grams per square meter per day and 3.2 grams per square meter per day.

At the same time occurred the binding of carbon dioxide by microalgae approximately 60 grams of carbon dioxide per square meter per day and release oxygen is 22 grams per square meter per day.

Suprihatin said carbon dioxide-consuming microalgae. Microalgae for mitigating global warming by reducing carbon dioxide emissions as much as possible.

From various data, the count value Suprihatin obtain an average of one liter of crude oil biodiesel can be harvested from an area of ​​156 square meters with 0.2 meters depth pool shelter.
No complicated

Suprihatin said from one liter of crude oil biodiesel can be produced 80 percent of oil biodiesel ready. The process of making biodiesel is not as complicated.

The initial steps is to identify and isolate microalgae. Microalgae Chlorella sp type most rapidly growing than the other two, Scenedesmus and Ankistrodesmus sp sp.

After entering the optimal growth phase, ready for harvest microalgae. Microalgae was filtered, dried, and extracted.

The results of extraction of crude oil that must be separated using the solvent hexane or diethyl ether. Further purification by transesterification process.

This transesterification converts free fatty acids into alkyl esters. Esterification reaction by reacting the crude oil microalgae with alcohol and the addition of acid catalyst.

Suitable catalysts, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, organic sulfonic acids, or strong acid cation exchange resin.

"From the transesterification process crude oil by 80 percent this microalgae into biodiesel," said Suprihatin.

Suprihatin said, so far has not gained a real count of production value than the price of biodiesel to conventional diesel or diesel oil. The indication is still above the price of conventional oil.

"There are other advantages that are still to be reckoned with," said Suprihatin.
Another advantage, microalgae never compete with food production. Microalgae undergo a process of growth is very fast and capable mengonservasi water.

The initial investment for clean energy production is not high. But, all depend on the intention and determination to achieve these gains.